When I was learning about the heart, it helped me to think of it like a cars engine. Cars have electrical systems that fire fuel injectors. The timing in the heart is electrical and when fired, produces mechanical results. When your car runs rough, the timing is off, and you use a lot of fuel. The heart is the same way. When the timing is off, the chambers don t get full, and when they contract (beat) they don t move a lot of blood. But the heart is still doing the same amount of work! People with arrythmias, have less energy, may be pale, and short of breath. Atherosclerosis is like clogged fuel injectors. When the arteries are clogged with plaque, the fuel (oxygen and energy) can t reach the parts that need it. Infarction means death of cells. Fortunately when your car dies from poor fuel delivery,,,,the motor isn t ruined. When parts of your heart are oxygen deprived, the cells die. Most of the time, an infarction (heart attack) doesn t ruin the whole heart. It just becomes weaker. But, unlike your car, the walls of the heart can t be repaired. Hypertension is when the pressure in the arteries is over 120/70. When the heart beats, it has to force open the aortic valve to get blood to the rest of your body. If the pressure on the other side of that valve is high, the heart has to work a lot harder. When you work a muscle a lot harder, it gets bigger. If you re a guy on the beach, big muscles are a plus. But a big muscular heart is a problem. When the heart muscle gets bigger, the chambers get smaller. Therefore, the heart pumps less blood with each beat. But, being larger, it requires more energy and oxygen to do so. People with enlarged hearts have poor endurance, and are at risk for a heart attack. Remember those clogged arteries? Now that the heart is larger, it needs more blood----the already narrowed arteries cant supply enough and heart tissue dies. Good Luck with your studies!
cardiac arrhythmia...irregular rhythm of the heart like tachycardia, bradycardia, etc, atherosclerosis...hardening of artery...infarction...decrease oxygen to some part like muscle of the heart..thus damage to its part..just like starving yourself with food...hypertension...elevated blood pressure...check your medical dictionary too for much detailed meaning
Arrhythmia- abnormal rhythm, like Vtach, Vfib, etc... (too fast, too slow) Atherosclerosis- hardening and narrowing of the arteries of the heart. Infarction- as in myocardial infarction? Heart attack-part of muscle of the heart dies. Hypertension- high blood pressure.
hypertension rarely produces symptoms till an advanced stage depending on organs affected earliest symptoms can be due to eye involvement where blurring can occur, if kidneys are damaged anasarca(generalised swelling ) occurs, if heart is involved angina due to atherosclerosis occurs, or if brain is involved stroke can occur with headache atherosclerosis is thickening of the vessel walls due to fat deposition compromising the blood flow when atherosclerosis occurs in coronary blood vessels u get angina (chest discomfort during excessive work / emotion) angina is reversible by rest amp; nitrates if angina becomes irreversible that is stays for more than 5 minutes then it mean ischemic cell death(infarction) has occured
cardiac arrthymias are irregular rhythms of heart beat, they can be fast: tachycardic, or slow: bradycardic they can develop due to faulty valve mechanisms...either the valve can t open or it can t close upon the heart chambers filling with blood...these can lead to regurgitation or insufficiency atherosclerosis: is a plaque formation on the walls of blood vessels over time that is a result of excess cholesterol deposit due to diet, genetics, age, stress, smoking as factors as well as male gender infarction: is the term used to indicate that the organ tissue has suffered a lack of blood supply and resulted in tissue death, as in myocardial infarction hypertension: is the medical term for high blood pressure...this is a result again of the factors i mentioned: age, male gender, diet, smoking you can read up on these topics using Robbin s pathology, Washington Manual on Clinical Diagnosis or Clinical/Medical Diagnosis Manual will be great sources
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